[EL] ELB News and Commentary 6/19/13

Rick Hasen rhasen at law.uci.edu
Tue Jun 18 08:46:02 PDT 2013


<http://electionlawblog.org/>


    Why Would the Court's Liberals Go Along with Justice Scalia's Time
    Bombs in Arizona Elections Case? <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51773>

Posted on June 18, 2013 8:41 am <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51773> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

In Anticipatory Overrulings, Invitations, Time Bombs, and Inadvertence: 
How Supreme Court Justices Move the Law, 
<http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1750398>61 /Emory 
Law Journal/ 779 (2012), I discuss different methods Justices use to 
move the law in their preferred direction aside from getting a majority 
to agree with a direct holding. One of the most important is the "time 
bomb."  As I explained:

    Justices are sometimes more subtle than they are with invitations[
    to litigants to ask the Court to overrule past precedent]. I became
    familiar with the "time bombs" concept from Seth Stern and Steve
    Wermiel's fascinating 2010 biography of Justice Brennan. Discussing
    Justice O'Connor's reluctance to join one of Justice Brennan's
    opinions, the authors wrote, "O'Connor had taken to heart [Justice]
    Powell's warnings that Brennan planted 'time bombs' in his opinions.
    She had learned to watch for those seemingly offhand, throwaway
    phrases that he exploited in later cases.

Yesterday's opinion in Arizona v. Inter-Tribal Council 
<http://electionlawblog.org/wp-content/uploads/arizona-intertribal.pdf> 
is full of time bombs from Justice Scalia. Not only does he explain how 
Arizona might go to court to get an order compelling the FEC to alter 
the federal form to conform with the state's citizenship requirements, 
he also draws a broad distinction between federal power to set the 
/manner/ of elections and its lack of power to prescribe voter 
/qualifications./ (This was the main point of my /Daily //Beast /piece 
<http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/06/17/the-supreme-court-gives-states-new-weapons-in-the-voting-wars.html> 
yesterday, as well as Marty Lederman's SCOTUSBlog post 
<http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/06/17/the-supreme-court-gives-states-new-weapons-in-the-voting-wars.html>and 
much in line with Lyle Denniston's analysis 
<http://www.scotusblog.com/2013/06/opinion-recap-one-hand-giveth/>.) 
Justice Scalia's footnote all but burying a key part of /Oregon v. 
Mitchell/ on the right of Congress to require states to allow 18 year 
olds to vote in federal elections is sure to give states new powers to 
challenge federal voting rules.  He suggests that arguments such as 
Arizona's should be recast as challenges to registration rules and that 
they may have much greater success.

It is true that all of the Scalia language in yesterday's opinion (on 
pages 13-17) is full of "might" and "could" language---most of it is 
dicta. Justice Alito notes those facts in the dissent. But this is scary 
stuff forthose who worry 
<http://www.moresoftmoneyhardlaw.com/2013/06/court-states-id/>about some 
states cutting back on voting rights. So the mystery to me is: why would 
the liberals on the Court go along with all this?  Why not just join 
Justice Scalia's opinion in part?  After all, as a former clerk to 
Justice O'Connor emailed me, it looks like Justice Scalia is trying to 
provide a roadmap for states to implement voter id laws over federal 
objection.

Without inside knowledge from the Court, the answer is unclear. Here are 
a few possibilities, though I would be open to hearing others:

(1) The liberals were thrilled to get an opinion from Justice Scalia 
with a very muscular reading of Congress's Elections Clause power.  That 
battle is won, and other fights over qualifications and state challenges 
to federal voting rules can wait the next day.  Note in Marty's revised 
post comments from Rick Pildes emphasizing the importance of the win in 
yesterday's case.

(2) The liberals agree with Justice Scalia on the dicta on pages 13-17, 
and they think these issues are better left to the states. (That seems 
unlikely to me, given divides in cases like /Crawford/).

(3) As Marty suggests in his post, there's a larger end game here 
involving /Shelby County/, and reliance on the Elections Clause in that 
case to uphold section 5 of the Voting Rights Act.

I'm open to other ideas.

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Posted in election administration <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=18>, 
Elections Clause <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=70>, Supreme Court 
<http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=29>, The Voting Wars 
<http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=60>, Voting Rights Act 
<http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=15> | Comments Off


    "High Court Strikes Down Voting Law in Arizona"
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51770>

Posted on June 18, 2013 8:21 am <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51770> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

Ted Robbins reports 
<http://www.npr.org/2013/06/18/192996781/high-court-strikes-down-voting-law-in-arizona> 
for NPR from Arizona.

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Posted in Elections Clause <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=70>, Supreme 
Court <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=29> | Comments Off


    "Arizona v. Inter Tribal Council: Opinions Have Layers"
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51767>

Posted on June 18, 2013 7:49 am <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51767> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

A ChapinBlog 
<http://blog.lib.umn.edu/cspg/electionacademy/2013/06/arizona_v_inter_tribal_council.php>.

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Posted in Elections Clause <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=70>, Supreme 
Court <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=29> | Comments Off


    "Supreme Court decision in Berry v. Crawford posted"
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51764>

Posted on June 18, 2013 7:45 am <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51764> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

The Indiana Law Blog 
<http://indianalawblog.com/archives/2013/06/ind_decisions_s_885.html>on 
the case of the fleeing legislators.

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Posted in legislation and legislatures 
<http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=27> | Comments Off


    WaPo Editorial on Arizona Case: We Need Universal Voter Registration
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51760>

Posted on June 18, 2013 7:41 am <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51760> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

Here 
<http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-supreme-court-finds-in-favor-of-more-access-to-the-polls/2013/06/17/7636df64-d794-11e2-9df4-895344c13c30_story.html>.

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Posted in Elections Clause <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=70>, Supreme 
Court <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=29> | Comments Off


    "The Court and States in the Age of Voter ID"
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51758>

Posted on June 18, 2013 7:40 am <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51758> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

Bob Bauer: <http://www.moresoftmoneyhardlaw.com/2013/06/court-states-id/>

    So this is the question being debated about the Court opinion in the
    Arizona voting law pre-emption case: is it a major victory for the
    federal government, or just a win in this case, with the longer term
    effects to lie more on the side of the states' authority to shape
    voting rights in federal elections? Forecasts range from sunny
    <http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/18/opinion/the-court-congress-regulates-federal-elections.html?hp&_r=0>(/The
    New York Times/) to cloudy
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51715>(Hasen) to stormy
    <http://www.scotusblog.com/2013/06/pyrrhic-victory-for-federal-government-in-arizona-voter-registration-case/>(Lederman)...

    Otherwise Arizona does well. It is encouraged to seek other means of
    appending a documentation requirement to the Federal Form, and the
    Justice believes that in the circumstances, it may have available to
    it a constitutional remedy. And though by no means a requirement of
    deciding the case, he musters a clear majority for the proposition
    that states have control over voter qualifications. Perhaps this is
    the better view, but the Court seems in quite the rush to decide it.

    There is much argument still to occur over this case, in law reviews
    and elsewhere, but when the doctrinal fine points have been fully
    explored, it will remain the case that the Arizona decision is hard
    to think about without reference to the contemporary struggles over
    voting rights. In /Crawford/, Justice Souter counseled close
    attention to "the lessons of history" in judging the weight to be
    assigned to states' asserted interests, such as "the interest in
    combating voter fraud [that] has too often served as a cover for
    unnecessarily restrictive electoral rules." /Crawford/, 553 U.S. at
    230, n.32 (Souter, J.. dissenting). In the age of voter ID and other
    state-imposed burden on the right to vote, the Court seems to
    discount or disregard that history. Critics are concerned that it is
    a history in the process of repeating itself.

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Posted in Elections Clause <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=70>, Supreme 
Court <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=29>, The Voting Wars 
<http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=60>, voter id 
<http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=9> | Comments Off


    "More Information Emerges About IRS Targeting Of Tea Party Groups"
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51755>

Posted on June 18, 2013 7:36 am <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51755> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

NPR <http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=191713599>:

    Last month, when news broke that the IRS had improperly targeted Tea
    Party groups for extra scrutiny, the original message from the IRS
    was that it was the work of a couple of rogue agents in the
    Cincinnati field office. Congressional investigators have been
    talking to those employees and generating hundreds of pages of
    transcripts.

    Well, today, NPR's Tamara Keith was able to look at the full
    transcripts of interviews with two IRS agents. And they appear to
    dispute that rogue agent description. Tamara joins us now from
    Capitol Hill. And tell us more about what exactly you got to read today.

    TAMARA KEITH, BYLINE: So we got to read the full transcripts, a
    total of 360 pages of two interviews with agents in the Cincinnati
    office. These were interviews with congressional investigators.

    You know, so far, we've seen snippets that have been released by
    Democrats and Republicans. And these snippets sort of fit the
    politics of what they were trying to show.

    These transcripts are the full transcripts. And in some ways,
    they're more nuanced. They're also, in some ways, more mundane. You
    know, we get a lot of information about computer systems and things
    like that. But we do get a full view of at least what these two
    employees feel happened.

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Posted in campaign finance <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=10>, tax law 
and election law <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=22> | Comments Off


    Douglas: "A Silver Lining to the 'States Rights' Portion of Justice
    Scalia's Opinion" <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51752>

Posted on June 18, 2013 7:32 am <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51752> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

Here is a guest post from Josh Douglas 
<http://www.law.uky.edu/index.php?hid=93>:

    Justice Scalia, in his majority opinion in /Arizona v. Inter Tribal
    Council/, explained that "Arizona is correct that the Elections
    Clause empowers Congress to regulate /how/ federal elections are
    held, but not /who/ may vote in them."  The point, for Justice
    Scalia, is that Article I, Section 4 of the U.S. Constitution gives
    Congress the power to regulate only the "times, places, and manner"
    -- the "how" -- of elections, but under Article I, Section 2, states
    retain the ability to determine the qualification of electors, even
    for federal offices -- the "who" may vote.

    This language from Justice Scalia's opinion has caused some concern
    among the voting rights community.  Allowing states to determine
    voter qualifications could open the door to restrictive
    requirements, such as strict voter ID laws.

    But there may actually be a silver lining within state qualification
    rules themselves.  As I recount in a new paper
    <http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2234762>, virtually all state
    constitutions -- which include the state's voter qualification
    requirements -- explicitly grant the right to vote to the state's
    citizens before listing the required qualifications voters must
    possess.  For example, Wisconsin's Constitution -- the subject of
    recent voter ID litigation -- provides that "Every United States
    citizen age 18 or older who is a resident of an election district in
    this state is a qualified elector of that district."  That is, most
    state constitutions explicitly grant the right to vote and then
    provide several voter qualifications, which are typically age,
    citizenship, and residence.  A few state constitutions also take the
    right away for those who are mentally incompetent or convicted
    felons.  (Interestingly, Arizona's is the only state constitution
    that does not include an explicit grant of voting rights, but it
    does provide that elections shall be "free and equal.")  Additional
    qualifications that are not enumerated in the state constitution
    would violate this explicit grant of the right to vote.  The
    problem, however, is that many state courts have "lockstepped" their
    state constitutions with federal jurisprudence for the right to vote
    under the U.S. Constitution, reading the state constitutional
    provision to go no further than the U.S. Constitution.  Of course,
    the U.S. Constitution does not grant the right to vote; it is
    implied within the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth
    Amendment. And recent Supreme Court jurisprudence on federal
    protection for the right to vote has been quite limited.

    If Justice Scalia is correct that state qualification rules are what
    matters and that Congress has no authority to determine
    qualifications under the U.S. Constitution, then state courts are
    wrong in using the "lockstep" approach for their constitutional
    right to vote provisions.  These clauses are broader than the
    protection afforded under the U.S. Constitution.  They should
    therefore operate to enjoin strict legislatively-enacted voter
    qualification requirements, even if those requirements may be
    permissible under the federal Equal Protection Clause.

    In short, Justice Scalia's push for a renewed focus on state
    qualification rules might actually be a move in the right direction
    for voters, at least where it comes to the constitutional right to
    vote.  The question is whether state courts will follow suit and
    give their constitutional provisions the independent meaning and
    scope their language requires.

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Posted in Elections Clause <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=70>, Supreme 
Court <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=29> | Comments Off


    Quote of the Night <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51748>

Posted on June 17, 2013 9:29 pm <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51748> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

"I think it's preposterous that seven people can overturn the votes of 
over one million Arizona voters to say the honor system works [to verify 
a voter's citizenship...] It's a bunch of baloney. It's nuts."

--"Kathy McKee 
<http://www.azcentral.com/news/politics/articles/20130617court-arizona-citizenship-proof-law-illegal.html>, 
an activist who helped launch the effort for Proposition 200 
<http://www.azcentral.com/news/politics/articles/20130316proposition-200-history-timeline.html>, 
criticiz[ing] the 'idiot judges' who ruled against Arizona."

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Posted in Elections Clause <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=70>, Supreme 
Court <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=29> | Comments Off


    A Spruced Up Election Law Blog Sidebar
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51743>

Posted on June 17, 2013 9:16 pm <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51743> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

I have updated some information, removed dead links, added some new 
blogs and sites to the Election Law blogroll, linked to forthcoming and 
recent academic papers and commentaries, and otherwise eliminated some 
coding problems.

If you see any remaining problems, or have any suggestions for 
inclusions, deletions or improvements, please let me know and I'll 
consider it.

Below the fold I've moved academic articles from 2009-2010 that I've 
moved off the Sidebar.

Thanks for reading!

Continue reading ? <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51743#more-51743>

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Posted in Uncategorized <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=1> | Comments Off


    My Op-Eds and Commentaries, 2010-11
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51741>

Posted on June 17, 2013 9:06 pm <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51741> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

I am moving them off the sidebar of the blog as I spruce things up 
around here.

Holder's Voting Rights Gamble: The Supreme Court's Voter ID Showdown 
<http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/jurisprudence/2011/12/the_obama_administration_s_risky_voter_id_move_threatens_the_voting_rights_act.html>, 
/Slate/, Dec. 30, 2011

Will Foreigners Decide the 2012 Election? The Extreme Unintended 
Consequences of Citizens United 
<http://www.tnr.com/article/politics/98162/citizens-united-foreign-money>, 
/The New Republic (online)/, Dec. 6, 2011

Disenfranchise No More 
<http://campaignstops.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/11/17/disenfranchise-no-more/?ref=opinion>, 
/New York Times/, Nov. 17, 2011

A Democracy Deficit at Americans Elect? 
<http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1111/67965.html>, /Politico/, Nov. 
9, 2011

Super-Soft Money: How Justice Kennedy paved the way for 'SuperPACS' and 
the return of soft money 
<http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/jurisprudence/2011/10/citizens_united_how_justice_kennedy_has_paved_the_way_for_the_re.single.html>, 
/Slate/, Oct. 25, 2012

The Arizona Campaign Finance Law: The Surprisingly Good News in the 
Supreme Court's New Decision 
<http://www.tnr.com/article/politics/90834/arizona-campaign-finance-supreme-court>, 
/The New Republic (online)/, June 27, 2011

New York City as a Model? 
<http://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2011/06/27/the-court-and-the-future-of-public-financing/new-york-city-as-a-model-for-campaign-finance-laws>, 
/New York Times/ Room for Debate, June 27, 2011

A Cover-Up, Not a Crime. Why the Case Against John Edwards May Be Hard 
to Prove <http://www.slate.com/id/2296188/>, /Slate/, Jun. 3, 2011

Wisconsin Court Election Courts Disaster 
<http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0411/52683.html>, /Politico/, Apr. 
11, 2011

Rich Candidate Expected to Win Again <http://www.slate.com/id/2289193/>, 
/Slate/, Mar. 25, 2011

Health Care and the Voting Rights Act 
<http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0211/48832.html>, /Politico/, Feb. 
4, 2011

The FEC is as Good as Dead <http://www.slate.com/id/2282257/>, /Slate/, 
Jan. 25, 2011

Let Rahm Run! <http://www.slate.com/id/2282287/>, /Slate/, Jan. 24, 2011

Lobbypalooza 
<http://www.the-american-interest.com/article-bd.cfm?piece=911>,/The 
American Interest/, Jan-Feb. 2011(with Ellen P. Aprill)

Election Hangover: The Real Legacy of /Bush v. Gore/ 
<http://www.slate.com/id/2276710/>, /Slate/, Dec. 3, 2010

Alaska's Big Spelling Test: How strong is Joe Miller's argument against 
the Leeza Markovsky vote? <http://www.slate.com/id/2274556/>, /Slate/, 
Nov. 11, 2010

Kirk Offers Hope vs. Secret Donors 
<http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1110/44718.html>, /Politico/, 
November 5, 2010

Evil Men in Black Robes: /Slate/'s Judicial Election Campaign Ad 
Spooktackular! <http://www.slate.com/id/2272086/>, /Slate/, October 26, 
2010 (with Dahlia Lithwick)

Show Me the Donors: What's the point of disclosing campaign donations? 
Let's review <http://www.slate.com/id/2271187/>, /Slate/, October 14, 2010

Un-American Influence: Could Foreign Spending on Elections Really Be 
Legal? <http://www.slate.com/id/2270662/>, /Slate/, October 11, 2010

Toppled Castle: The real loser in the Tea Party wins is election reform 
<http://www.slate.com/id/2267657/>, /Slate/, Sept. 16, 2010

Citizens United: What the Court Did--and Why 
<http://www.the-american-interest.com/article-bd.cfm?piece=853>, 
/American Interest/, July/August 2010

The Big Ban Theory: Does Elena Kagan Want to Ban Books? No, and She 
Might Even Be a Free Speech Zealot" <http://www.slate.com/id/2254830/>, 
/Slate/, May 24, 2010

Crush Democracy But Save the Kittens: Justice Alito's Double Standard 
for the First Amendment <http://www.slate.com/id/2252536/>, /Slate/, 
Apr. 30, 2010

Some Skepticism About the "Separable Preferences" Approach to the Single 
Subject Rule: A Comment on Cooter & Gilbert 
<http://www.columbialawreview.org/articles/some-skepticism-about-the-separable-preferences-approach-to-the-single-subject-rule-a-comment-on-cooter-gilbert>, 
/Columbia Law Review Sidebar/, Apr. 19, 2010

Scalia's Retirement Party: Looking ahead to a conservative vacancy can 
help the Democrats at the polls <http://www.slate.com/id/2250579/>, 
/Slate/, Apr. 12, 2010

Hushed Money: Could Karl Rove's New 527 Avoid Campaign-Finance 
Disclosure Requirements? <http://www.slate.com/id/2249952/>, /Slate/, 
Apr. 6, 2010

Money Grubbers: The Supreme Court Kills Campaign Finance Reform 
<http://www.slate.com/id/2242209/>, /Slate/, Jan. 21, 2010

Bad News for Judicial Elections 
<http://roomfordebate.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/21/how-corporate-money-will-reshape-politics/#richard>, 
/N.Y. Times "Room for Debate" Blog/, Jan., 21, 2010

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    Credit Where Credit is Due Dept <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51733>

Posted on June 17, 2013 5:42 pm <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51733> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

Credit Derek Muller 
<https://twitter.com/derektmuller/status/346638063872647168> for first 
noting 
<http://livewire.talkingpointsmemo.com/entry/supreme-court-cites-bush-v-gore-for-first> 
the Supreme Court's first citation of Bush v. Gore in today's Arizona 
voting decision.

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Posted in Bush v. Gore reflections <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=5>, 
Supreme Court <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=29> | Comments Off


    "Voting Rights Groups Get High Court Win As Bigger Case Looms"
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51730>

Posted on June 17, 2013 4:35 pm <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51730> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

Frank James reports 
<http://www.npr.org/blogs/itsallpolitics/2013/06/17/192787352/voting-rights-groups-get-high-court-win-as-bigger-case-looms?ft=1&f=1014> 
for NPR.

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Posted in Elections Clause <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=70>, Supreme 
Court <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=29>, Voting Rights Act 
<http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=15> | Comments Off


    "This Time, Scalia Doesn't Want to See Your Papers"
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51727>

Posted on June 17, 2013 4:31 pm <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51727> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

Read Emily Bazelon 
<http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/jurisprudence/2013/06/antonin_scalia_strikes_down_arizona_s_voter_registration_law_supreme_court.single.html> 
on today's Arizona voting decision.

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Posted in Elections Clause <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=70>, Supreme 
Court <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=29>, The Voting Wars 
<http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=60>, voter id 
<http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=9> | Comments Off


    "Supreme Court Strikes Down Arizona Voting Rule"
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51725>

Posted on June 17, 2013 3:34 pm <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51725> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

Nina Totenberg reports 
<http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=192790981#> for NPR.

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Posted in Elections Clause <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=70>, Supreme 
Court <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=29> | Comments Off


    "The Election Law Connection and U.S. Federalism"
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51722>

Posted on June 17, 2013 1:57 pm <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51722> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

Kirsten Nussbaumer has postedthis timely paper 
<http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2110776> on SSRN 
(forthcoming, /Publius/). Here is the abstract:

    Addressing the comparative-federalism literature, this article
    offers a sketch of how the unique character of U.S. election law may
    have shaped U.S. federalism as a whole --- hypothesizing that the
    extent to which each level of government has controlled the other's
    electoral arena may have partly determined each government's
    relative policy autonomy, and thereby impinged upon the direct
    constituency relationship between each level of government and its
    voters.

    The article proposes that we view "the election-law connection"
    between state and federal officials as a central field where
    'federalism happens' --- where the making and implementing of a
    shared election law has given rise to linked electoral incentives
    and intergovernmental networking, expressed most notably in
    strategic relationships that are keyed to state and local
    decision-making forums. Over time, the law of U.S. federal elections
    has exhibited complex patterns of mutual dependence between federal
    and state officials, but the dominant pattern has been a
    state-tilted story of subnational control over federal election law
    --- to the extent that it may be meaningful to conceptualize the
    election-law connection as a 'constituency relationship' that tends
    to work to the benefit of the state and local actors who exercise
    control over the federal electoral arena. This electoral dependency
    of federal officials may have created a tendency towards greater
    federal respect for the institutional prerogatives of state and
    local governments, though the relationship is dynamic and
    contingent, interacting with other interests and factors such as the
    prevalence of divided or unified party government at the national
    and state levels.

    The argument --- while offered as an exercise in deductive
    theory-building more than empirical conclusion --- is illustrated
    with recent election-law examples, especially intergovernmental
    communications about congressional redistricting that exhibit
    patterns of federal-to-state lobbying (a decentralized or 'downward'
    pattern not previously considered in the scholarly literatures). The
    election-law connection is also explored through a reading of two
    canonical texts in the literature on "political safeguards of
    federalism" (Herbert Wechsler 1954, Larry Kramer 2000), joining
    their insights about constitutional history and political parties
    with the election-law-focused account here (itself, a friendly
    amendment to that theory), while contending that the "political
    safeguards" explanation of U.S. history is more plausible when
    combined with a relational, strategic understanding of election-law
    incentives.

    Finally, the constituency conception of the election-law connection
    gains added plausibility through a consideration of the large gap
    between, on the one hand, Congress's arguable preemption power over
    federal elections and, on the other hand, the historical patterns of
    relative congressional abstention in formal law-making, and the
    federal legislative tendency to de-centralize many partisan and
    factional conflicts about election law.

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Posted in Elections Clause <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=70> | 
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    "BREAKING: Morgan sentenced to year in prison"
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51719>

Posted on June 17, 2013 1:52 pm <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51719> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

South Bend Tribune 
<http://www.southbendtribune.com/news/sbt-former-democratic-party-leader-butch-morgan-in-court-for-sentencing-20130617,0,1972333.story>: 
"The former chairman of the St. Joseph County Democratic Party will 
serve one year in prison for his role in a scheme to forge signatures 
onto petitions that qualified Democratic candidates for the state's 2008 
primary election."

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Posted in chicanery <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=12>, election 
administration <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=18>, petition signature 
gathering <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=39> | Comments Off


    Thought of the Day <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51715>

Posted on June 17, 2013 1:23 pm <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51715> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

Lesson <http://thebea.st/12QTSz0> about the Supreme Court from today's 
voting decision: behind every silver lining there's a dark cloud.

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Posted in Elections Clause <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=70>, Supreme 
Court <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=29> | Comments Off


    Scalia's Voter Access Case <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51712>

Posted on June 17, 2013 1:18 pm <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51712> by 
Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

Spencer Overton blogs 
<http://www.huffingtonpost.com/spencer-overton/scalias-voter-access-case_b_3455733.html> 
at HuffPo.

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Posted in Elections Clause <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=70>, Supreme 
Court <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=29> | Comments Off


    "The Supreme Court's decision on Arizona won't put an end to voting
    wars" <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51710>

Posted on June 17, 2013 12:48 pm <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51710> 
by Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

WonkBlog reports 
<http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/06/17/the-supreme-courts-decision-on-arizona-wont-put-an-end-to-voting-wars/>.

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Posted in Supreme Court <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=29>, Voting 
Rights Act <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=15> | Comments Off


    "How the Voting Rights Act Hurts Democrats and Minorities"
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51707>

Posted on June 17, 2013 12:44 pm <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51707> 
by Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

Steven Hill writes 
<http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2013/06/how-the-voting-rights-act-hurts-democrats-and-minorities/276893/>.

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Posted in alternative voting systems 
<http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=63>, redistricting 
<http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=6>, Voting Rights Act 
<http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=15> | Comments Off


    "The SEC and Dark Political Money"
    <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51704>

Posted on June 17, 2013 12:42 pm <http://electionlawblog.org/?p=51704> 
by Rick Hasen <http://electionlawblog.org/?author=3>

Ciara Torres-Spelliscy blogs 
<http://sunlightfoundation.com/blog/2013/06/17/the-sec-and-dark-political-money/>.

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Posted in campaign finance <http://electionlawblog.org/?cat=10> | 
Comments Off

-- 
Rick Hasen
Chancellor's Professor of Law and Political Science
UC Irvine School of Law
401 E. Peltason Dr., Suite 1000
Irvine, CA 92697-8000
949.824.3072 - office
949.824.0495 - fax
rhasen at law.uci.edu
http://law.uci.edu/faculty/page1_r_hasen.html
http://electionlawblog.org

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