Subject: election-law_gl-digest V1 #63
From: owner-election-law_gl@majordomo.lls.edu (election-law_gl-digest)
Date: 9/3/2001, 6:00 PM
To: election-law_gl-digest@majordomo.lls.edu

election-law_gl-digest    Monday, September 3 2001    Volume 01 : Number 063




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Date: Mon, 03 Sep 2001 09:47:32 -0700
From: Rick Hasen <rick.hasen@lls.edu>
Subject: Judge Upholds Albuquerque's Limit on Campaign Spending

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http://www.nytimes.com/2001/09/03/politics/03ELEC.html
- --
Rick Hasen
Professor of Law and William M. Rains Fellow
Loyola Law School
919 South Albany Street
Los Angeles, CA  90015-1211
(213)736-1466 - voice
(213)380-3769 - fax
rick.hasen@lls.edu


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 <NYT_DATE><font size=3D"-1"><strong>September 3, 2001</strong></font><br=

</NYT_DATE><NYT_KICKER></NYT_KICKER><NYT_HEADLINE  version=3D"1.0" type=3D=

" "><h2>Judge Upholds Albuquerque's Limit on Campaign Spending</h2></NYT_=
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<NYT_TEXT >

 <P><IMG SRC=3D"http://graphics.nytimes.com/images/dropcap/w.gif" ALIGN=3D=
"left" ALT=3D"W">ASHINGTON, Sept. 2 &#0151; A federal district judge in N=
ew Mexico has upheld Albuquerque's highly unusual limit on campaign spend=
ing in mayoral elections, rejecting one candidate's argument that he has =
a right protected by the First Amendment and by the United States Supreme=
 Court to spend unlimited amounts of his own money.</P> <P> Depending on =
how the case develops from its preliminary stage, it could offer the Supr=
eme Court a vehicle for revisiting its conclusion in a 1976 campaign fina=
nce case, Buckley v. Valeo, that spending limits are an unconstitutional =
infringement on the right of political speech. Several justices in recent=
 cases have expressed discomfort with the role of money in politics and h=
ave appeared to be inviting such a challenge.</P> <P> Rick Homans, the Al=
buquerque mayoral candidate who brought the case, said today that he woul=
d file an immediate appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the =
10th Circuit in Denver. The decision "effectively says I can't spend anot=
her penny," Mr. Homans said in a telephone interview. He said he would ha=
ve to "move out of my headquarters and disconnect the phones" unless the =
ruling was promptly overturned. The election is on Oct. 2.</P> <P> Albuqu=
erque's city charter has since 1974 limited each mayoral candidate's expe=
nditures to twice the mayor's annual salary, a cap of $174,720 for this c=
ampaign.</P> <P> Mr. Homans, a businessman and weekly newspaper publisher=
, said he had spent about $200,000 and that he had felt secure in doing s=
o because of an earlier state court ruling that had prevented enforcement=
 of the limits. But the state court dismissed that case and vacated its i=
njunction two weeks ago, prompting Mr. Homans to take the issue to federa=
l court.</P> <P> Mr. Homans, one of six candidates running against Mayor =
Jim Baca in the nonpartisan election, asked Judge Martha A. Vazquez of Fe=
deral District Court for a preliminary injunction against the city's spen=
ding limit, arguing that as a political newcomer, he had to exceed the ca=
p to get his message across.</P> <P> Judge Vazquez, who sits in Santa Fe,=
 refused on Saturday to issue the injunction. She said in a 15-page opini=
on that the Buckley precedent should be interpreted narrowly as not prese=
nting "an absolute bar to expenditure limits," but as requiring only a hi=
gh standard of proof as to why any particular ceiling should outweigh a c=
andidate's First Amendment interest in unlimited spending.</P> <P> "This =
court finds that the city charter's expenditure limits are narrowly tailo=
red to meet a compelling governmental interest and do not run afoul of th=
e First Amendment," Judge Vazquez said. The compelling interests the judg=
e identified were "preserving the public faith in democracy" and "reducin=
g the appearance of corruption." </P> <P> She said a consistent voter tur=
nout of about 40 percent, compared with 25 to 35 percent for other cities=
 that do not have spending limits, indicated that Albuquerque did not hav=
e the voter disillusionment that was common elsewhere.</P> <P> "The recor=
d clearly establishes 25 years of expenditure limits that have preserved =
the integrity of Albuquerque's electoral process and the public's faith i=
n its elections," Judge Vazquez said. She added that even though Mr. Homa=
ns had demonstrated "irreparable harm" from enforcement of the limit, "it=
 is clear that the public interest favors the defendants in this case."</=
P> <P> John C. Bonifaz, executive director of the National Voting Rights =
Institute, a Boston legal center that seeks to curb the role of money in =
politics, said today that the case demonstrated that "campaign spending l=
imits enhance rather than hinder basic democratic values." The National V=
oting Rights Institute represented the city in defending against Mr. Homa=
ns's lawsuit.</P> <P> Brenda Wright, an institute lawyer who argued the c=
ase before Judge Vazquez last Thursday, said Albuquerque was the only maj=
or city in the country that limited the amount candidates could spend on =
their own behalf. "If any case presents a record that warrants the Suprem=
e Court taking a new look, this is it, with 25 years of empirical experie=
nce," Ms. Wright said.</P> <P> The National Voting Rights Institute is al=
so defending statewide expenditure limits in Vermont, which were struck d=
own last year by a federal district judge in a case that is now on appeal=
=2E</P> <P> Many states and cities have contribution limits, which the Su=
preme Court upheld in the Buckley decision.</P> <P> In New York City and =
elsewhere, candidates are offered public financing in return for voluntar=
ily accepting spending limits, but may reject the financing and spend an =
unlimited amount of their own money. Michael R. Bloomberg has spent more =
than $20 million in the Republican mayoral primary in New York, well beyo=
nd the $5.5 million cap imposed on the mayoral candidates who have agreed=
 to accept matching funds.</P>
</NYT_TEXT></td></tr><tr><td> =

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