election-law_gl-digest Tuesday, February 12 2002 Volume 01 : Number 138
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Date: Tue, 12 Feb 2002 07:03:59 -0800
From: Rick Hasen <rick.hasen@lls.edu>
Subject: Compton op-ed
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Here's an op-ed I published in today's L.A. Times on the
Compton case.
http://www.latimes.com/news/printedition/opinion/la-000010770feb12.story
- --
Rick Hasen
Professor of Law and William M. Rains Fellow
Loyola Law School
919 South Albany Street
Los Angeles, CA 90015-1211
(213)736-1466 - voice
(213)380-3769 - fax
rick.hasen@lls.edu
http://www.lls.edu/academics/faculty/hasen.html
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<title> Compton Decision: Too Clever by Half </title>
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<meta name=3D"description" content=3D"When Los Angeles Superior Court Jud=
ge Judith Chirlin overturned the result of the Compton mayoral race last =
week and declared former Mayor Omar Bradley the winner of the election, s=
he did more than add another twist to the dramatic and unpredictable poli=
tics of the city of Compton. She elevated social science over the democra=
tic process in a way that is dangerous and unprecedented." />
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<span CLASS=3D"deckhead">COMMENTARY</span><br>
<SPAN CLASS=3D"cHeadline1">Compton Decision: Too Clever by Half</SPAN><BR=
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<TR valign=3D"top"><TD class=3D"relatedlinks"><a href=3D"/news/printedit=
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lanket on Dissent</a><br></TD></TR>
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<span class=3D"cauthor">
By RICHARD L. HASEN
</SPAN>
<div class=3D"content">
=
When Los Angeles Superior Court Judge Judith Chirlin overturned t=
he result of the Compton mayoral race last week and declared former Mayor=
Omar Bradley the winner of the election, she did more than add another t=
wist to the dramatic and unpredictable politics of the city of Compton. S=
he elevated social science over the democratic process in a way that is d=
angerous and unprecedented.<BR><BR>Many will recall the allegations after=
the 2000 election that the so-called butterfly ballot used in Florida's =
Palm Beach County led a number of people who intended to vote for Al Gore=
to vote instead for Pat Buchanan. Buchanan received a statistically high=
number of votes compared to how he did elsewhere, which most social scie=
ntists say would not have happened by chance.<BR><BR>One proposed remedy =
to the butterfly ballot issue was to hold a new election in Palm Beach Co=
unty, but a judge ruled that the Constitution requires all votes for the =
U.S. president be held on the same day. Others suggested "reallocating" t=
he vote based on statistical studies showing that most of those Buchanan =
votes "belonged" to Gore. This remedy, however, would have been unprecede=
nted and would have allocated votes based, at best, on a social science g=
uess.<BR><BR>Yet that is basically what the judge has done in the Compton=
case.<BR><BR>She ruled that the name of Bradley's opponent, Eric Perrodi=
n, illegally appeared first on the ballot and that Bradley did not give u=
p his right to raise this issue by failing to call it to the attention of=
the city clerk before the election.<BR><BR>Both of these points are deba=
table.<BR><BR>State law on ballot order is subject to two interpretations=
, and Bradley's election attorneys should have checked whether the ballot=
complied with state law. These arguments provide good grounds for Perrod=
in to appeal.<BR><BR>But even accepting the judge's rulings on these poin=
ts, the remedy is unsupportable.<BR><BR>The judge accepted the testimony =
of Jon Krosnick, an Ohio State University political science professor, th=
at ballots are subject to a "primacy effect."<BR><BR>Krosnick is no doubt=
right that those candidates who are placed first on the ballot tend to g=
ain votes because of that placement. Whether it stems from voter laziness=
or some other factor, this advantage is so well known that California, l=
ike other states, requires use of a "randomized" alphabet for listing can=
didate names on the ballot in each election.<BR><BR>Krosnick testified th=
at in his estimation Perrodin received an extra 300 or so votes because o=
f his placement first on the ballot.<BR><BR>The judge took this educated =
guess by Krosnick--based on a study of Franklin County, Ohio, a place ver=
y different from Compton--which certainly has a significant margin of err=
or, and she elevated it over the democratic process.<BR><BR>She viewed th=
e testimony as if it established how people actually voted, and she used =
that testimony to put Bradley back in office.<BR><BR>No published cases o=
f which I am aware establishes this remedy. Judges tend to overturn elect=
ions and install a different candidate only when the judge can identify a=
certain number of illegal votes cast and that affected the outcome of th=
e election.<BR><BR>In this case, the number of illegal votes identified w=
as smaller than the margin of difference between the two candidates.<BR><=
BR>There is no question that social scientists have established a "primac=
y effect." But social science is not an exact science.<BR><BR>A judge sho=
uld not credit an educated guess over the right of the people of Compton =
to choose their own leaders. If the judge believed the results were in do=
ubt because of Krosnick's testimony, a new election would have been the p=
roper remedy.<BR><BR>*<BR><BR>Richard L. Hasen, a Loyola Law School profe=
ssor specializing in election law, advised the city of Compton in the ele=
ction dispute.
</div><BR>
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