Subject: Re: [EL] Voter being referred to District Attorney for posting election fraud video evidence
From: Paul Lehto
Date: 10/26/2010, 4:34 PM
To: Michael McDonald
CC: Election Law <election-law@mailman.lls.edu>

As Joseph Lorenzo Hall already pointed out, nobody's digit or voting
pen is anywhere near the other votes that light up, nor near the Green
Party staight ticket option.  Besides, observed vote flipping is the
most common complaint nationwide in the past 3 federal elections
(voters disappearning from voting rolls, often without moving is
usually in second place).  In 2008, for what it's worth, Oprah had
problems.  Many people work with touch screens daily, such as in
restaurants and medical facilities, and while screens do need
recalibration occasionally (once or twice a year) voting machines are
only used a few days a year at most and have much higher
"recalibration" issues -- if that's what they are.

Usually, election officials will take the position that the observed
problems were caught and corrected and therefore there's no harm no
foul.  This ignores the serious consideration that not everybody
notices every vote flip, so some slip through with no evidence, and
worse yet, the voter arguably "approved" the flipped vote and so even
video proof would likely not be successful in a voter's attempt to
complain (say they noticed the flip after review of the video,
post-voting).  In states like Texas, that may only result in the voter
being referred for prosecution either under laws prohibiting video or
for an alleged fake.

That being said, I stated in the original post there's a chance it's
fake (though I see no real evidence supporting that, I'm willing to
give benefit of the doubt neverthess).  Given the lack of evidence
released suggesting it's fake, I'm sufficiently cautious on this, it
seems to me.  What Michael McDonald may have more difficulty being
cautious on is that thousands of other voters have reported similar
experiences in this and the past three federal elections.  There are
other videos, none of which have been proved fake.  Among other
options, there's a video demonstration in Louisiana on machines after
an election showing changed or flipped voting.  The candidate is shown
voting for herself and having her opponent appear.  Anyone interested
in more video footage from this and the past few years send me an
email and I will gather them together.

To me the proper attitude towarde defending election integrity is a
forensic approach that is,however, balanced by a strong desire to
defend election integrity.  I'm not a fan of the Republican
gubernatorial candidate in Texas but I do forward that evidence.
Present company excepted, I think the attitude of too many in
elections, if applied to NORAD and the air defense of our country
(which ultimately protects free elections perhaps THE most important
thing of various important "assets" of our country) would result in
mocking the Air Force and NORAD for scrambling jets when it turns out
the radar showed a flock of birds, and was known to be probably
innocent when the order to scramble jets was given.  I think pooh
poohing both the Air Force as well as those serious about nonpartisan
election protection is not the right approach.   As to this case,
there are no conclusions right now, but we definitely can't rule out
either a ballot programming error or an "easter egg" or other type of
hacking fraud, from inside or outside the offices of election
administrator.  That's just going by the investigation book....

The approach Michael does suggest, namely that it "would be possible,
with an accomplice" if true, does not close out the other
possibilities.  If the criminal standard were "if it's possible
somebody else did it, or that it is a fraud" (my words) that wouldn't
work very often at trial and it certainly is no justification for
refusing to investigate all reasonable angles.

Paul Lehto, J.D.


On 10/26/10, Michael McDonald <mmcdon@gmu.edu> wrote:
With an accomplice, it would be possible to do this. Note how the video
zooms in such a way that the other Green Party lines are not visible when
the supposed vote switch occurs. The camera then zooms out after the
selection is made, and voila, the other ballot lines that were out of frame
have been selected. Note how at the critical moment, the camera happens to
be framed just right to hide the other parts of the screen. Ask yourself why
this critical piece of evidence is hidden from the camera. If I wanted to
show odd behavior on a touch screen, I would want to be sure that I filmed
the video so that it showed a button I could not have touched change.

Thanks for pointing this out. I am now even more certain this is a fake.
Everything is just too perfectly aligned -- the hand to hide the thumb and
pinky as they select the visible ballot lines and the camera angle to hide
the other ballot lines at the critical moment they change. Magicians are
good at making people see what they want to see.

============
Dr. Michael P. McDonald
Associate Professor, George Mason University
Non-Resident Senior Fellow, Brookings Institution

                             Mailing address:
(o) 703-993-4191             George Mason University
(f) 703-993-1399             Dept. of Public and International Affairs
mmcdon@gmu.edu               4400 University Drive - 3F4
http://elections.gmu.edu     Fairfax, VA 22030-4444

-----Original Message-----
From: Joseph Lorenzo Hall [mailto:joehall@gmail.com]
Sent: Tuesday, October 26, 2010 8:33 AM
To: Michael McDonald
Cc: Election Law
Subject: Re: [EL] Voter being referred to District Attorney for posting
election fraud video evidence

Certainly, we should be cautious. However, I know of no mechanism that
will re-select all the down-ballot Green party choices without again
selecting the Green straight-party selection at the top of the screen.
His left hand is holding the phone doing the recording, and no matter
what you think his right-hand pinky an thumb are doing, they remain
very far from the Green straight-party selection at the top of the
screen.

I don't think slight of hand can rule out a ballot configuration error or
bug.

best, Joe

On Tue, Oct 26, 2010 at 12:16 AM, Michael McDonald <mmcdon@gmu.edu> wrote:
I would be careful about interpreting anything from this video. Magicians
use slight of hand all the time to fool the eye. Don Relyea's thumb and
pinky appear positioned in just the right way to produce the screen
behavior, but hide it from the camera. In the frames immediately preceding
the apparent vote flip, you can see that his thumb is extended downward in
a
manner that would touch the screen on the Green Party candidate line. I
also
see what looks like his pinky extended as he pulls his hand away from the
screen. An extended pinky would press the Green Party line adjacent to the
governor's race. Another clue is that he visibly applies pressure with his
index finger to select buttons in a tapping manner, but does not do so on
when the vote switch occurs. When I do a frame by frame look, I see a
slight
rocking of his hand backwards when the switch occurs, as if he is indeed
applying pressure with his thumb and pinky, but not his index finger.

============
Dr. Michael P. McDonald
Associate Professor, George Mason University
Non-Resident Senior Fellow, Brookings Institution

                             Mailing address:
(o) 703-993-4191             George Mason University
(f) 703-993-1399             Dept. of Public and International Affairs
mmcdon@gmu.edu               4400 University Drive - 3F4
http://elections.gmu.edu     Fairfax, VA 22030-4444


-----Original Message-----
From: election-law-bounces@mailman.lls.edu
[mailto:election-law-bounces@mailman.lls.edu] On Behalf Of Paul Lehto
Sent: Monday, October 25, 2010 10:50 PM
To: Election Law
Cc: Joseph Lorenzo Hall
Subject: [EL] Voter being referred to District Attorney for posting
election
fraud video evidence

According to Marketplace, a voter and computer programmer (Don Relyea)
who found his Republican touch screen vote for Governor of Texas (and
various other votes) flipped to Green Party choices is going to be
referred to the District Attorney for criminal investigation for
taking the video of his own vote.  See

http://marketplace.publicradio.org/display/web/2010/10/25/am-electric-touch-
screen-glitch-caught-on-tape/

Video of the vote posted to reddit and/or YouTube was either
restricted or taken down, but the Texas GOP still has the video
available at this link:

http://www.texasgopvote.com/2010-elections/texas-elections/video-voter-machi
ne-wont-let-texan-vote-rick-perry-caught-tape-error-or-fraud-001974

An extended analysis including a "play by play" of what the video
shows, and  comment by the Dallas Election Administrator Mr. Bruce
Sherbert, is here: http://www.bradblog.com/?p=8141  It concludes in
part with this analysis of the video of the voting machine in question
(the same company as in Sarasota, Florida's congressional litigation):

"Summary: Every time a vote is cast for the Repub for Governor, it
results in a straight Green Party vote, except for the Repub for
Congress (which is expected behavior), and when there is an overvote
in the Gov's race (also expected behavior)."

Points to note:  It's contended, against the video's claim, that the
voter's thumb brushes the Green Party slot for one race and thus
explains the apparent "flip", but this doesn't explain why that thumb
action (which is denied by the voter) also created simultaneous votes
for various other Green candidates inches away on the touch screen.

Even if the video were somehow a fake, how did the person get access
to the machine (or replica) as well as the ballot programming that
appears official?  That's a security breach by itself.

In past elections, large numbers of previous reports of visible vote
flipping on touchscreens have been reported, on all brands of voting
machines.  Most were Democratic votes flipped to Republican in the
reports obtained.  However, there is no necessary relation at any time
between what is seen on the screen and how the vote is actually
recorded.  It would be unnecessary and perhaps foolish for a hacker to
give evidence visibly of vote flipping, except as a diversionary
tactic. It's much simpler to change either the invisible recording or
invisible count of the votes.

Although a possibility of a fake may exist, the reports of vote
flipping are too common around the country and across the board on all
models to rule out election fraud.  It's questionable to refer only
the voter who posted the video to the DA for prosecution.

Had I posted a $20K reward for the arrest OR conviction of a voter for
trying to blow the whistle on fraud, I'd be getting out my checkbook
now.  But note, a $20K reward for arrest of a hacker doesn't seem
likely at all even if one exists.  They're investigating the
whistleblowing voter instead.

Paul Lehto, J.D.
 --
Paul R Lehto, J.D.
P.O. Box 1
Ishpeming, MI  49849
lehto.paul@gmail.com
906-204-4026
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--
Joseph Lorenzo Hall
ACCURATE Postdoctoral Research Associate
UC Berkeley School of Information
Princeton Center for Information Technology Policy
http://josephhall.org/


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--
Paul R Lehto, J.D.
P.O. Box 1
Ishpeming, MI  49849
lehto.paul@gmail.com
906-204-2334
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