Subject: Re: [EL] [Leg] Earmarks
From: Tom Round
Date: 11/11/2010, 6:11 PM
To: Election Law

At 10:05 11/11/2010, Lowenstein, Daniel wrote:
unlike several European nations like France, we have geographic constituencies

Point of order: France uses, and since 1789 has always used, geographical constituencies for its National Assembly elections, whether single-member districts (1959-85, 1988- present) or multi-member constituencies corresponding to the departments (pre-1958, then 1986-88). Thus, eg, Valery Giscard d'Estaing won back his former seat in a by-election after losing president to Francois Mitterrand, as did former Socialist minister Jack Lang.

The only countries I know that make no division at all of lower house members among particular territorial sub-sections of the whole nation, are Israel and Cambodia. I don't know of any European countries that don't use geographic constituencies. (Russia may have moved into this category but the news reports aren't specific enough to tell.)