I've always thought it very odd that some judges have to campaign for
office (much like it seems odd to give ambassadorships to large
donors). Are there states where no (or few) judges are elected by the
public?

For the term "elected" I would exclude any process where voters can
only remove a judge--as in the system in Iowa where voters can remove
state supreme court justices, but do not elect them. Rather, for this
question at least, I would reserve the term election to mean selection
by the voting public from among candidates for office (regardless of
the process being partisan or not).

I guess the term "judge" should also be defined as I assume there are
public offices out there that have the title judge in some states and
not in other. However,  I'll leave that open unless somebody has
advice on how that should be defined or qualified.

Thanks.

Doug Hess
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