The agricultural industry in California and other states relies heavily upon chemical pesticides for a range of high-value crops to control pests, such as insects, weeds, and other problems. Many of these pesticides contain toxic active ingredients which evaporate into the air, seep into the soil and groundwater, or remain as residue on crops. In California, this usage is pervasive; in 2022 more than 160 million pounds of pesticide active ingredients were applied to land in California for agricultural purposes.